Tracking the Components of Missiles and UAVs Used by Russia in Ukraine

This report uncovers how Russia, Iran, and North Korea continue to source critical missile and UAV components through complex global supply chains despite international sanctions. Drawing on field investigations in Ukraine, it exposes how commercially available electronics and third-party intermediaries enable sanctioned regimes to acquire advanced weapon technologies. The study highlights weaknesses in existing export control frameworks like the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) and calls for stronger end-use controls and distributor accountability. Its findings underscore the urgent need for coordinated global oversight to prevent the diversion of dual-use technologies that fuel modern warfare.