The Relationship Between the Population Experiencing Homelessness and Living in Shelters and Poverty

A small but significant share of Americans experiencing homelessness live in shelters—and their connection to poverty is both deep and complex. Over three-quarters of this group are in poverty, often facing greater barriers like unemployment, disabilities, and high housing costs. Yet, nearly a quarter live above the poverty line, many working or receiving benefits but still unable to secure permanent housing. Understanding these differences sheds light on how housing costs, demographics, and labor market realities intersect in shaping shelter residency.